Structural analysis of North-Central Nigeria’s younger granite province using aeromagnetic data

Abstract

This study investigates the subsurface structural framework of North-Central Nigeria’s Younger Granite Province, a geologically complex area known for Jurassic granitic intrusions and associated mineralization. High-resolution aeromagnetic data from eight sheets, specifically Sheet 125 (Dutsin wai), Sheet 126 (Ririwai), Sheet l46 (Geshere), Sheet 147 (Lere), Sheet 167 (Kafanchan), Sheet 168 (Naragatu), Sheet 188 (Jemaa), Sheet 189 (Kurra) were analyzed using advanced derivative filters, including First Vertical Derivative (FVD), Horizontal Gradient Magnitude (HGM), Tilt Derivative (TDR), and Analytic Signal (AS), to map structural lineaments, lithological contacts, and fault systems. The results reveal a complex structural architecture dominated by NE–SW, WNW–ESE, and NW–SE trending lineaments, reflecting influences from the Pan-African orogeny and Mesozoic tectonic reactivation linked to the Benue Trough. High analytic signal amplitudes (0.01-0.32 nT/m) delineate magnetic source boundaries and fault zones, particularly in the northern (Binchi, Zallaki) and southeastern (Sawi) regions, which are associated with potential hydrothermal mineralization (e.g., Pb-Zn, Au, Sn). The structural density map highlights high-density zones in the northeastern (Kakwonka) and southwestern (Nok) regions, indicative of intense tectonic activity conducive to both mineralization and geothermal fluid flow. These findings provide critical insights for mineral exploration, geothermal resource assessment, and regional tectonic studies, positioning the Younger Granite Province as a key target for Nigeria’s resource development and energy transition strategies.