Community perceptions of climate change and its impact on the Baturiya wetlands in Hadejia National park, Nigeria

Abstract

Understanding local climate change sensitivities is essential to develop effective adaptation strategies, particularly in environmentally sensitive areas such as wetlands. This study explores the community's views on climate change and its impact on the Baturiya Wetlands, with five neighbouring communities. Using a mixed methodology, data were collected from 100 respondents via structured questionnaires and interviews.The findings show that 94% of the respondents depend on wetlands for agriculture, fisheries and access to water, underlining their environmental and economic value. However, perceptions of climate change vary 63% accept its effects, 22% have limited awareness and 15% have no opinion. Reported impacts on climate included reduced water levels (69%), falling fish stocks (56%) and fewer migratory birds (41%). These changes have affected livelihoods, with 66% reporting a loss of crop and 52% reporting a decrease in fishing income.Communities adopted different adaptation strategies, such as adjusting planting dates (44%), using irrigation (30%) and planting drought tolerant crops (25%). The chi square analysis revealed significant differences in climate awareness and adaptation capacity between the communities, with Baturiya and Musari showing more resilience due to exposure to non-governmental and awareness-raising initiatives. The study stresses the importance of integrating local knowledge into climate change adaptation planning and calls for inclusive policies that link scientific approaches to community-based experience. The findings support progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals, SDG 13, SDG 15 and SDG 6. Effective wetland management must give priority to the needs and voices of local communities most affected by environmental change.