Prevalence of Coccidiosis among different breeds of chickens within Katsina metropolis

Abstract

Coccidiosis remains one of the most economically significant parasitic diseases affecting poultry production globally. The disease, caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria, continues to undermine productivity through reduced growth, poor feed conversion efficiency, increased susceptibility to secondary infections, and mortality. This study investigated the prevalence of coccidiosis among layers, broilers, noilers, and indigenous chickens reared within Katsina Metropolis, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, and fresh faecal samples were collected over a two‑month period from selected birds representing the four breed categories. Laboratory examination was conducted using flotation techniques for the detection of Eimeria oocysts, while oocyst burden was assessed through oocyst-per-gram procedures. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA in SPSS version 25. The findings revealed widespread occurrence of coccidiosis across all breeds examined. Layers recorded the highest prevalence, followed by broilers and noilers, whereas indigenous chickens exhibited comparatively lower infection rates. Helminth co-infections involving Ascaridia spp. and Heterakis gallinarum were also identified. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant variation in prevalence among breeds (F = 6.320, p < 0.05), indicating that breed-related and management-associated factors influence disease occurrence. The study concludes that coccidiosis remains endemic in Katsina Metropolis and recommends improved biosecurity, routine disease monitoring, proper litter management, and evidence-based control programmes to reduce infection pressure and enhance poultry productivity.