Frequency of Kdr mutation, permethrin and DDT resistance in Anopheles mosquito vectors of Lymphatic Filariasis from old Katsina province Nigeria

Abstract

It has been previously reported that insecticide resistance among the vectors of malaria and lymphatic filariasis (LF) exist in the African continent which could unintentionally affect different species of Anopheles mosquitoes found in Northern Nigeria. The aim of this study is to identify the Anopheles mosquito species and its profile insecticide resistance. The study was carried out in Batagarawa town. Using a mechanical aspirator, blood-feeding mosquitoes were captured indoors and identified morphologically and molecularly. The WHO procedure was followed for insecticide susceptibility bioassay using F₁ mosquitoes, and PCR was used to check for the existence of the kdr mutation in Anopheles mosquitoes that had survived exposure to permethrin. Anopheles mosquitoes were identified as Anopheles gambiae s.s and Anopheles coluzzi. Insecticide susceptibility test revealed that Anopheles gambiae s.l from Batagarawa town was more susceptible to deltamethrin, bendiocarb, propoxur, and malathion recorded 92.3%, 93.6% and 89% after 24 hours post exposure respectively, but resistant to permethrin and DDT recorded 18%, 42.11% after 24 hours post exposure respectively. The execution of effective vector control strategy can be guided by the presence of permethrin and DDT cross resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.l complex.