Anti-fungal effects of Noni Extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) and Biosynthesized Nanoparticles against Rice Blast Disease Pathogen (Pyricularia oryzae)
Ajiya Billah Cleophas
Chimbekujwo I. B.
Zakari B. G.
Abstract
Rice blast disease caused by the foliar fungal pathogen Pyricularia. oryzae, is a severe worldwide problem threatening global food security. Currently, there are no lasting solutions to eradicate this disease besides the use of conventional fungicides, and indiscriminate use of chemical control agents may lead to the development of resistance by the pathogen and possible environmental and health hazards. The use of environmentally friendly green-biosynthesized nanoparticles was deployed invitro to evaluate its antifungal activities. The results of antifungal sensitivity test show a greater effect zone of inhibitory at 400 µg/ml on the P. oryzae at varying treatment L-Ag, J-Cu, and J-Ag–Cu nanoparticles demonstrated the greatest inhibitory effects (35 mm, 34 mm, and 32 mm, respectively), surpassing the positive control (30 mm). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) results revealed an increased turbidity at higher concentration ranging between 200 µg/ml, 300 µg/ml, and 400 µg/ml. respectively. At higher concentration 300 µg/ml and 400 µg/ml, no activity detected for minimum fungicidal concentration. The green-biosynthesized nanoparticles demonstrated relatively high proficiency inhibiting the growth of P. oryzae. The nanoparticles exhibited promising inhibitory effects on spore germination and mycelial growth, suggesting their applicability in integrated disease management strategies.
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