Phytochemical Profiling and Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Dodonaea viscosa
Abdulrasheed H.
Abdullahi G. A.
Mamman Y.
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection necessitates the exploration of novel phytotherapeutic agents. This study profiled the ethanolic extract of Dodonaea viscosa leaves and evaluate its antibacterial activity against Salmonella Typhi using maceration method. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, terpenoid and phenolic compounds. Several conducted analysis techniques are extraction, isolation and structural illucidation to identify several phytocompounds and bacterial using dilution based tests with potential antibacterial properties. The extract revealed the presence of 6 secondary metabolites while results from thin layer chromatography shows a trace of secondary metabolites separated based on their RF value. The antibacterial analysis shows high zone of inhibition at second medium with 13 mm at 100 mg/ml while minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 50 mg/ml and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) at 100 mg/ml. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis of the crude extract of Dodonaea viscose leaves was performed over a wavelength range of 200-850 nm, and 327 different compounds were found. These findings suggest that the ethanolic extract of D. viscosa possesses potent antibacterial properties, warranting further investigation as a potential phytotherapeutic agent against Salmonella Typhi and other antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
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