Nephroprotective Effects of Aqueous Extract of Loranthus micranthus Linn Leaf Against Cadmium-Induced Kidney Toxicity in Male Rats
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33003/jobasr-2023-v1i1-19
Ebhohon, S. O.
Asoya, E.V.
Ezeokeke.
C. B.
Okwor.
L. O.
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal widely distributed in the environment due to
anthropogenic activities, such as industrial processes, mining, and agricultural
practices. Exposure to cadmium has been associated with various adverse health
effects, particularly on the kidneys. The kidneys are major target organs for
cadmium toxicity, as the metal tends to accumulate in renal tissues, leading to
nephrotoxicity and impaired renal function.This study aims to evaluate the
potential nephroprotective effects of the aqueous extract of Loranthus micranthus
Linn leaf against cadmium-induced kidney toxicity in a rat model. Twenty-four
male rats were divided into four groups: Group 1 served as the normal control and
received no treatment. Group 2 was exposed to cadmium toxicity, receiving 2
mg/kg body weight of cadmium intraperitoneally daily. Group 3 received 150
mg/kg body weight of the extract daily. Group 4 received 2 mg/kg body weight
of cadmium intraperitoneally, followed by a daily administration of 150mg/kg
body weight of the extract. This experiment was carried out for a period of 28
days. Biochemical alterations in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, total
protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione
(GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed as markers of kidney
function and oxidative stress. Additionally, ultrastructural changes in the kidneys
of the experimental animals were evaluated using electron microscopy. The study
revealed significant biochemical alterations in markers of kidney function and
oxidative stress in rats exposed to cadmium-induced kidney toxicity. Treatment
with the extract attenuated these biochemical changes, indicating potential
nephroprotective effects. Furthermore, ultrastructural changes observed in the
kidneys of cadmium-exposed rats were ameliorated by treatment with the extract.
The findings of this study suggest that the extract possesses potential
nephroprotective effects against cadmium-induced kidney toxicity. Further
research is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms of action and explore the
therapeutic potential of these natural compounds in managing kidney-related
disorders.
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