Assessment of Plants Alkaloids Isolated from Calotropis Procera for Managing Pod Sucking Bug, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal (Hemiptera: Coreidae) Infestation on Cowpea
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33003/jobasr-2023-v1i1-19
Audi, A. H.
Wada, Y. B
Abstract
Crude plant extracts used to control insect pests are less specific and the active
compounds may have antagonistic effects. The trials were thus conducted to
assess the effectiveness of alkaloids from Calotropis procera in controlling the
pod sucking bug Clavigralla tomentosicollis on cowpea. Three cowpea varieties,
Ife brown, IT07K-318-33, and IT07K-292-10, were grown in beds assigned to
four treatment groups: 500µg/ml, 250µg/ml, 125µg/ml, and 0µg/ml of the extracts
as a control. Each treatment was replicated three times in a randomized complete
block design. The findings revealed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the
population of C. tomentosicollis in the treated plots compared to the control. The
highest level of protection was observed in plots sprayed with 500µg/ml and
250µg/ml, with no significant difference (p>0.05) between treatment and spray
regimes (1-week after spray (1-WAS) and 2-weeks after spray (2-WAS). The
average percentage of pod damage was significantly lower at higher treatment
concentrations (500µg/ml and 250µg/ml) compared to lower concentrations and
the control. There was no significant difference in pod damage among the three
cowpea varieties. The relative adult mortality of C. tomentosicollis followed a
similar pattern, with higher concentrations (500µg/ml and 250µg/ml) resulting in
a significant decrease in ITOK-292-10 compared to other varieties. In the ITOK7-
318-33 variety, there was no significant difference in mortality rates between
treatments (500µg/ml, 250µg/ml, and 125µg/ml) and spray regimes. This implied
that treatment of cowpea ITOK-292-10 with the higher concentration of the
Alkaloid (2-piperidinone, N-(4-bromo-n-butyl) would yield an optimum level
control of the notorious bug.
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