Antibiosis of Salicylic acid Pre-Hardening Treatments of Cowpea on Development of Pod Sucking Bug, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal. (Hemiptera: Coreidae)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33003/jobasr-2023-v1i1-19
Audi, A. H.
Mukhtar, F. B.
Abstract
Induced plant response using Exogenous Salicylic acid has a significant potential
to control physiological interactions of Phytophagous insects The experiment was
conducted at the University Research farm, Faculty of Agriculture Bayero
University, Kano (11°58 ‘N, 8° 25’ E and 457m above sea level) to evaluate the
effect of SA-treatment on Development of Pod sucking bug of cowpea. Four
different cowpea varieties (IT97K-1069-6, IT98K-205-8, IT89KD-288 and
Dan’ila) pre-hardened with Salicylic acid were established in various replicated
field cages in completely randomized design. Five-pairs each of fresh bugs were
introduced into the various cages. These were allowed for 2-weeks to mate and
oviposit after which all adult insects are removed. Introduced insects showed
variable developmental response to the different Pre-hardened cowpea varieties
in SA hormones (P<0.001). Interactions of treatments and varieties was also
found significant (P<0.001).Cowpea seeds treated with lower (5ppm)
concentrations of SA show greater deleterious effects on the development of the
pod bugs than the higher (10 & 20ppm) concentrations and the controls (Distilled
water & Untreated seeds). Of the four Cowpea varieties screened, IT97K-1069-6
and IT89KD-288 of 5ppm SA-treatments show higher antibiosis on development
of C. tommentosicollis, resulting to low oviposition (41.33 and 45.67), higher
percentage nymphal mortalities (71.59% and 77.24%) and mean unhatched eggs
of 27.33 and 32.00 respectively, with smaller adults bugs (3.55mg and 3.27mg)
at emergence. Phytochemical screening of the treatments using GC-MS analysis
showed high concentrations of cumene, eugenol and sesquiterpenes in the tolerant
varieties. These relations should be explored extensively toward sustainable plant
protection.
References
Aljbory1, Z and Chen, M.(2018). Indirect plant defense
against insect herbivores: a review. Insect Science, 25
(1):2-23. doi: 10.1111/1744-7917.12436
Audi, A. H. and Mukhtar, F. B. (2019). Evaluation of
Salicylic acid Pre-Hardening Treatments of Cowpea for
Resistance against the Flea Beetle, Podagrica fuscicornis
Linn. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) International Journal
of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 4
(1):33-40.
Aviv, D. H., Rusterucci, C., Holt, B. F., Dietrich, R. A.,
Parker, J. E. and Dangl, J. L. (2002). Runaway cell death,
but not basal disease resistance, in lsd1 is SA- and
NIM1/NPR-dependent. Plant Journal, 29: 381–391.
Berens, Matthias L, Berry, H. M., Mine, A., Argueso, C. T.,
Tsuda, K. (2017). Evolution of Hormone Signaling
Networks in Plant Defense. Annual Review Phytopathology,
4:55:401-425 doi: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080516-035544
Brodersen, P., Petersen, M., Pike, H. M., and Olszak, B.
(2002). Knockout of Arabidopsis accelerated-cell-death11
encoding as phingosine transfer protein causes activation of
programmed cell death and defense. Genes and
Development, 16: 490–502. doi:10.1101/gad.218202
Darra, B. L., Seith, S. P., Singh, H. and Mendiratta, R. S.
(1973). Effects of hormone directed presoaking emergence
and growth of osmotically stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum
L) -seeds. Agronomy Journal, 65: 295-299.
doi:10.5958/2319-1198.2018.00022.2
De Boer, J. G., Posthumus, M. A. and Dicke, M. (2004).
Identification of volatiles that are used in discrimination
between plants infested with prey or nonprey herbivores by
a predatory mite. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 30:22-30.bv
doi: 0098-0331/04/1100-2215/0
Devi, C.B., Kushwaha, A. and Kumar, A. (2015).
Sprouting characteristics and associated changes in
nutritional composition of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata).
Journal of Food Science Technology, 52 (10), 6821–6827.
doi:10.1007/s13197-015-1832-1
Divol, F., Vilaine, F., Thibivilliers, S., Amselem J, and
Palauqui, J. C. (2005). Systemic response to aphid
infestation by Myzus persicae in the phloem of Apium
graveolens. Plant Molecular Biology, 57: 517–540.
doi/10.1007/s11103-005-0338-z
Jackai, L.E.N., Nokoe, S., Tayo, B.O. and Koona, P. (2001).
Interferences on pod wall and seed defenses against the
brown cowpea coreid bug, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stal.
(Hem., Coreidae) in wild and cultivated Vigna species.
Journal of Applied Entomology, 125, 277–286. doi:
10.1603/0022-0493-95.6.1281
Lortzing, V., Oberländer, J., Lortzing, T. Tohge, T.,
Steppuhn, A., Kunze, R., Hilker, M. (2019). Insect egg
deposition renders plant defence against hatching larvae
more effective in a salicylic acid‐dependent manner Plant
Cell and Environment, 42 (3): 1019-1032 doi:
10.1111/pce.13447
Maffei, M.E., Mithofer, A. and Boland, W. (2007). Insects
feeding on plants: rapid signals and responses preceding the
induction of phytochemical release. Phytochemistry, 68:46-
59. doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.07.016
Maleck, K. and Dietrich, R. A. (1999). Defense on multiple
fronts: how do plants cope with diverse enemies? Trends
Plant Science, 4: 215–219.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385 (99)01415-6
Ofuya, T. I. and Osadahun, J. M. (2005). Effect of three
Different Powders on Behaviour, Mortality and
Reproductive Fitness of Callosobruchus maculatus
(Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Zoological Research, 26(6):603-
608.
Pancheva, T.V. and Popova, L. P., Uzunova, A. N. (1996).
Effects of salicylic acid on growth and photosynthesis in
barley plants. Journal of Plant Physiology, 149, 57–63.
doi.org/10.1016/S0176-1617 (96) 80173-8
Pieterse, C.M.J. and van Loon, L.C. (1999). Salicylic acidindependent plant defence pathways. Trends in Plant
Science, 4: 52–58. doi.org/PII: S1360-1385(98)01364-8
Singh, C. and Singh, N.N. (2015). Bioefficacy and
economics of different insecticides again legume pod
borer (Maruca vitrata Fabricius) infesting cowpea (Vigna
unguiculata Walpers). Indian Journal of Agricultural
Resources, 49 (4), 358–362. doi : 10.5958/0976-
058X.2015.00065.7
Sponsel, V. M. and Hedden, P. (2004). Gibberellin
biosynthesis and inactivation of Plant hormone biosynthesis,
signal transduction. Action. Davies P. J. Ed: Part B, Kluwer
Academic. Publ. Dordrecht, 63-94pp. doi:
10.1104/pp.105.064162
Tanzubil, P. B. (2000). Field evaluation of Neem extracts for
control of insect pests of cowpea in Northern Ghana. Journal
of Tropical Forest Products (Malaysia) 6: 165 – 172.
doi:10.5555/20013089506
Underwood, N., Rausher, M. D. and Cook, W. (2002). Bioassay versus chemical assay: measuring the impact of
induced and constitutive resistance on herbivores in the field.
Oecologia, (Berlin) 131:211–219. doi 10.1007/s00442-002-
0867-y
Valls, J., Millán, S., Martí, M.P., Borràs, E. and Arola, L.
(2009). Advanced Separation Methods of Food
Anthocyanins, Isoflavones and Flavanols. Journal of
Chromatography A, 1216, 43: 7143-7172.
doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.07.030
Voster, I. H. J., Jansen, V. R. W., VanZijl, J. J. B. and Venter,
S. L. (2007). The importance of traditional leafy vegetables
in South Africa. African Journal of Food, Agric. Nutritional
Development, 7(4): 1-12. doi: 10.5897/AJAR09.724
PDF