Prevalence and Antibiotics Susceptibility of Uropathogens Isolated from Urinary Tract of Patients at St. Lukes Hospital Anua, Uyo

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33003/jobasr

Dr. (MRS) Grace Michael Ikon

Abasiubong Victor Nelson

Anosike Ignatius Kelechi

Abstract
Urinarytract infections (UTI) are preventablebacterial infections encountered in the hospital and community settings. Despite the wide availability of antibiotics, uropathogens are among thebacterial infectionscommonly encountered with increasing antibiotic resistance.This study was carried out to establish the prevalence of bacterial isolates and their drug susceptibility patterns among the study population. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using the outpatients and inpatientspresented with symptoms of UTIat St. Lukes Hospital Anua, Uyo. Purposeful sampling was used to obtain 385 respondents. Midstream urine samples were obtained from respondents using sterile bottles. Bacterial isolates identification was done using biochemical tests while culture and sensitivity pattern of the isolates were determined using disc diffusion method. A questionnaire was administered to the respondents and data associated with risk factors was collected and analyzed at a = 0.05. Out of 385 urine samples, 112 (29%) patients were confirmed positive for UTI. The prevalence of UTI was higher among females (62.1%) compared to males (37.9%). Escherichia coli (55%) was the most predominant followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (10%), coagulase negative staphylococci (20.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.2%) and Proteus mirabilis (5%). The effectiveness of the antibiotics used varied among the isolates, and majority of the Gram positive isolates were sensitive to most antibiotics tested than the Gram negatives.Further 85% of the isolates were observed to be multidrug resistant, limiting treatment of UTIs with routinely used antibiotics. Hence, there is need for constant monitoring of antibiotics resistance for better management of patients on antibiotic treatment. In addition, the collected data could be used to determine the trends in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and therefore, assists in policy formulation on the currently used antibiotics for management of UTIs.
References
Alemu, A. Moges F. Shiferans, Y., Tefess, A. Kassu, A. and Agegn, A. (2012). Bacteria profile and drug susceptibility pattern of Urinary tract infection in pregnant women at University of Gonder Teaching Hospital,Northwest Ethiopia.International journal of pharmaceutical sciences 5:1-15. Ekpenyong R E, Etim E M, Ekpenyong R, Shaibu M. E, and Etim E (2020). Geospatial Analysis and Assessment of the Distribution of Petrol Stations in Uyo Capital City, Nigeria to Safeguard Human and Environmental Health. International Journal of Social Sciences. Vol. 13, No. 2, April–June, 2020. Foxman, B. (2010). Epidemiology of Urinary tract infection. American journal of medicine, T: 653-660. Gapta, K., Hooton, T. and Satamin,W. (2017).Increasing anticrobial resistance and management of uncomplicated community acquired urinary tract infections.Annual international journal of internal medicine,135:41-50. Gupta k, Hooton T. and stamina.W. (2001).Increasing antimicrobial resistance and management of uncomplicated community acquired urinary tract infections.Animal international medicine,135:41-50. He Y, Zhao Jin J, Wang L, Han C, Yan R, Zhu P, Qian T, Yu S, Zhu X & He W (2025). Epidemiological trends and predictions of urinary tract infections in the global burden of disease study 2021. Sci Rep 15, 4702. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89240-5. Lane, M. and Mobley,H.(2007).Role of P.fimbriae medicated adherence in pyeloniphiritis and persistence of Uropathogen E.coli in the mammalian kidney.Kidney international,72:19-25. Nwang’ Onde B. J. and Mchami, J. I. (2022). The aetiology and prevalence of urinary tract infections in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Systematic Review. J Health Biol Sci.10(1):1-7. Onifade, A., Anibjuwon, I. and Azariah, E.(2011). Urinary tract infection in apparently healthy individuals in lle Ife,Nigeria:Detection of predominant microorganisms and antibiotics susceptibility profile. African journal of Microbiology Research, 5:3233-3236. Onuoha, S and Fatokun, K. (2014). Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Urinary tract infection among pregnant women in Afikpo,Ebonyi State Nigeria.America journal of life sciences 2:46-52. Onyeakagbu, Adaobi (2021). "See how all the 36 Nigerian states got their names". Pulse.ng. Retrieved 22 December 2021. Prakash, D. and Saxen, R. (2013). Distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria pathogens causing UTI in Urban community of mecrut city.journal of Microbiology,10:13-18. Patel, S. Taviab, P. Sinha M. Javadekar, T. and Chandhan,V. (2012). Urinary tract infection (UTI) among patients at G.G and medical college jamnager: National journal of community medicine,3:1138-1141. Radyowisati, A. and Hark, H. (2003). Improving antibiotic use in low -income countries. An overview of evidence on determination. Social science medicine,57:733-744. Shilpi, T., Hug, S. and Khatun, M. (2012). Pattern of bacteria causing urinary tract infection of inpatients and outpatients departments at Anivar Khan modern medical college hospital: Answer Khan Modern medical college Hospital 3:13-15. Tanner, D., Dhanovkar,D.Gulhane,S.,Khandelwal, V. and Dudhane, M. (2006). Antibacterial susceptibility of some urinary tract pathogen to commonly used antibiotics. African journal of Biotechnology,5:1562-1565. Wamalwa, J. Omoloj and Makokha, A. (2013). A prevalence and Risk factors for urinary tract infection among pregnant women journals of Community Medicine.5:234_246.
PDF